Gender and Injury Risk in Incidents of Assaultive Violence
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چکیده
This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. This study investigates the situational characteristics that determine the presence and severity of injury in incidents of assaultive violence. The analysis uses merged data from the National Crime Victimization Survey and the Supplementary Homicide Reports for the years 1992-2008, in order to model the determinants of victim injury. The analysis includes all incidents of attempted or completed, non-sexual assault against victims 12 years of age or older. Injury severity is classified into one of four possible levels: no injury, minor injury, serious injury (requiring doctor, hospital, or emergency room care), and lethal injury. Special attention is given to the way in which gender modifies the influence of situational elements on the presence and degree of victim injury. While the results suggest that the situational determinants of injury are by and large uniform for male and female victims, important gender differences are observed in the salience of relational distance. Introduction Violent and intentional injuries constitute a substantial public health problem for individual victims (e.g. disability) as well as for their families and Robert Apel is an associate professor in the School of Criminal Justice at Rutgers University. He received his Ph.D. in criminology and criminal justice from the University of Maryland in 2004. This article was completed while he was affiliated with the School of Criminal Justice at the University at Albany. Laura Dugan is the director of Graduate Studies and associate professor in the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of Maryland. She received her Ph.D. in public policy and management in 1999 from the communities, not to mention the burden placed on society at large with respect to medical costs and lost worker productivity (Committee on Injurymore, these costs are not borne equally across …
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تاریخ انتشار 2011